(coreutils.info)File permissions

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26 File permissions
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Each file has a set of "permissions" that control the kinds of access
that users have to that file.  The permissions for a file are also
called its "access mode".  They can be represented either in symbolic
form or as an octal number.

Mode Structure

Structure of file permissions.

Symbolic Modes

Mnemonic permissions representation.

Numeric Modes

Permissions as octal numbers.